Iminsi mikuru ni kimwe mu birango by’idini bigaragara, ubwo intumwa Muhamadi yageraga Madina yasanzeho aba Answaru –aribo bayislamu ba Madina- asanga bafite iminsi mikuru ibiri mu mwaka bakinaho bakidagadura, arababwira ati “Iyi ni minsi ki? Baramubwira bati: Ni iminsi twajyaga twidagadura ho mu gihe cy’ubujiji, intumwa Muhamadi iravuga iti “Imana yabaguraniyemo iminsi ibiri myiza kuruta iyo, ariyo Ilayidi y’ibitambo n’ilayidi yo gusiburuka” Yakiriwe na Abu Dauda: 1134. Na none intumwa Muhamadi mukugaragaza ko iminsi mikuru ari bimwe mu birango by’amadini yaravuze iti “Mu by’ukuri, buri bantu bagira umunsi mukuru, natwe umunsi mukuru wacu ni uyu” Yakiriwe na Bukhariy: 909. Na Muslim: 892.
Umunsi mukuru w’ilayidi muri Islam:
Umunsi mukuru w’ilayidi muri Islam ni umunsi w’ibyishimo byo kuba basoje amasengesho bashimira Imana kuba yarabayoboye ikanabafasha gukora ayo masengesho, ni byiza rero kuri uwo munsi kugaragaza ibyishimo Bambara imyambaro myiza no gufasha abatishoboye, bakoresheje uburyo butandukanye butuma abantu bishima banazirikana inema z’Imana kuribo.
Iminsi mikuru y’abayislamu:
Abayislamu bafite iminsi mikuru ibiri mu mwaka bizihiza, ntabwo byemewe abantu kwishyiriraho umunsi ngo bawugire umunsi mukuru, iyo minsi mikuru ibiri rero ni: Ilayidi y’ibitambo, ariwo munsi wa cumi mu kwezi kwa Dhul Hija.
Ilayidi yo kurangiza igisibo cy’ukwezi kwa Ramadhani:
Ukaba ari umunsi wa mbere w’ukwezi kwa Shawali, ariko kwezi kwa cumi, uwo munsi ukaba utangira mu ijoro ry’umunsi wa nyuma mu kwezi kwa Ramadhani, niyo mpamvu uwo munsi wiswe ilayidi yo kurangiza igisibo, kuko abantu bagandukira Imana basiburuka kuri uyu munsi nk’uko bayigandukiye mu gusiba ukwezi kwa Ramadhani, abayislamu bizihiza uwo munsi bashimira Imana kuba yarabasenderejeho inema zayo ikanabafasha kurangiza igisibo cy’ukwezi kwa Ramadhani. Imana yaravuze iti “Mujye mwuzuza iminsi yagenwe, kandi mukuze Imana k’ubyo yabayoboyeho kugira ngo mubashe gushimira (Imana)” Surat Al Baqarat: 185.
Ni ibiki bisabwa gukorwa ku munsi w’Ilayidi?
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Isengesho ry’Ilayidi: Iswala Islam yashimangiye inashishikariza abayislamu kujya kuyisenga hamwe n’amagore n’abana, igihe cy’iryo sengesho: Ni ukuva izuba rirashe rikazamuka ahangana n’umuhunda w’icumu kugeza izuba rivuye hagati mu kirere ho gato, ahangana n’umuhunda w’icumu ni ahantu hangana na metero imwe.
Uko Ilayidi isengwa: Iswala y’ilayidi ni Raka ebyiri Imamu asarisha asoma mu ijwi riranguruye, nyuma y’iswala agatanga Khutuba ebyiri, ni byiza mu iswala y’ilayidi kongera Takibira mu ntangiriro za buri Raka, ku Iraka ya mbere hatorwa Takibira esheshatu mbere yo gusoma hatarimo Takibira ya mbere (Takibiratul Ihirami) naho kuri Raka ya kabiri hagatorwa Takibira eshanu hatarimo Takibira yo guhaguruka uvuye kuri Sijida.
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Zakatul Fitiri: Imana yategetse buri muyislamu ufite ibiribwa birenga k’ubyo akeneye ku munsi w’Ilayidi, ko yatangaho ibingana n’icyibo cy’ibiryo bikunze kuribwa aho mu karere, byaba umuceri, ingano cyangwa itende akabiha abatishoboye b’abayislamu, k’uburyo hatagira umukene usigara ku munsi w’ilayidi. Biremewe gutanga ikiguzi cy’ibiribwa igihe ibyo byaba aribyo bifitiye akamaro utishoboye.
Igihe cyo gutanga Zakatul Fitiri: Ni uguhera izuba rirenze ku munsi wa nyuma wa Ramadhani kugeza ku iswala y’ilayidi, biremewe kandi kuyitanga mbere y’ilayidi ho umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri.
Ikigero cya Zakatul Fitiri, ni icyibo cy’ibiribwa bikunze kuribwa aho hantu, zaba ingano, umuceri cyangwa itende, n’ibindi nkibyo, icyibo kandi mu bipimo by’iki gihe kingana hafi na 3kg.
Bikaba ari itegeko ku muntu ku giti cye ndetse no kubantu ashinzwe nk’umugore we n’abana be, kandi ni byiza kuyitangira uruhinja ruri mu nda ya nyina, agatanga kuri buri muntu icyibo cy’ibiribwa aribyo bingana hafi na 3kg.
Intumwa Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze ati “(Zakatul Fitiri) isukura uwasibye, imukuraho imyanda iba yagiye mu gisibo cye ikaba n’ibiribwa by’abatishoboye, uzayitanga mbere yo gusari ilayidi, iyo iba ari Zakatul Fitiri yemewe, naho uyitanze nyuma y’iswala iyo iba ari isadaka isanzwe” Yakiriwe na Abu Dauda: 1609.
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Ni byiza gukwiza ibyishimo mu muryango yaba mu bana ndetse no mubakuze, abagabo n’abagore, hakoreshejwe uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwemewe, no kwambara imyambaro myiza no kugandukira Imana hatangwa ibiribwa no kurya ku manywa y’uwo munsi, no kubera iyo mpamvu kirazira gusiba k’umunsi w’ilayidi.
Muslims leaving the mosque after offering the ‛Eid prayer.
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Ni itegeko gutora Takibira mu ijoro ry’ilayidi n’igihe ugiye gusari ilayidi, igihe cya Takibira kirangirana no gusari ilayidi, mu kugaragaza ibyishimo byo kurangiza igisibo cy’ukwezi kwa Ramadhani no gushimira Imana kubera inema yaduhaye no kubera ko yatuyoboye tukabasha gusiba, Imana yaravuze iti “Bityo nimwuzuze umubare (w’iminsi y’igisibo), kandi mukuze Allah kuko yabayoboye kugira ngo mushimire” Surat Al Baqarat: 185.
Uburyo Takibira zitangwa rero ni ubu: ALLAH AK’BAR, ALLAH AK’BAR, LA ILAHA ILA LLAHU, ALLAH AK’BAR, ALLAH AK’BAR WA LILAHIL HAMDU.
Akavuga kandi ati “ALLAH AK’BAR KABIRA WAL HAMDULILAHI KATHIRA, WA SUB’HANA LLAHI BUKURATAN WA ASWILA”
Ni itegeko kandi ko abagabo bazamura amajwi muri Takibirat mu buryo butabangamiye abantu cyangwa bubabuza amahoro naho abagore bagatora Takibira buhoro.
